The open-source, cross-platform IDE Visual Studio Code now has prebuilt binaries for the Raspberry Pi, making coding fun on the PI again.
Mariamole looks a lot like a 'regular' IDE such as Visual Studio and adds some much needed features for Arduino development.
This is a detailed walkthrough on getting started with Arduino - a step by step guide on installing the software on Windows and Mac OSX.
The Arduino software (IDE) is where you code and upload the software for your board. Here is a low-down of what the main features are and do.